What is experimental photography? It is a little-studied field and a loosely defined concept in the history of contemporary photography. The author presents the works of about a hundred experimental photographers and, to characterize them, relies particularly on the theses of Brazilian philosopher Vilém Flusser: photographers playing against the devices, not following the rules, and disrupting the proper functioning of the photographic apparatus by altering its established parameters. Thus, some artists break the rules of image production by playing with time, light, the chemistry of development or printing, or by reinventing the photographic device. Others distinguish themselves from the apparatus by deconstructing the device, not using a lens (camera obscura), sometimes not using any device at all (photogram), or by dismantling the photographic material. Others, finally, displace the author-photographer by erasing them or including their own body in the photographic act. Contemporary experimental photography does not strictly constitute a school or movement, but rather a trend, a moment between the decline of traditional analog documentary photography and the advent of digital photography at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century.